The brand new Tainos was basically pre-Columbian populace of the Bahamas, Greater Antilles, in addition to northern Lesser Antilles. It is believed that brand new seafaring Tainos were family of your own Arawakan people of South america. Its vocabulary are a member of this new Maipurean linguistic family unit members, and therefore range out of South america along the Caribbean.
At the time of Columbus’s arrival from inside the 1492, there were four Taino kingdoms and you can regions for the Hispaniola (present day Dominican Republic and you may Haiti), each contributed of the a primary Cacique (chieftain), to help you who tribute try paid off. Because the hereditary head captain from Taino people, this new cacique is actually repaid tall tribute. Caciques appreciated brand new privilege away from wearing wonderful necklaces titled guanin, located in square bohios instead of the bullet of these the latest villagers inhabited, and you will sat for the solid wood feces when acquiring website visitors. During the time of brand new Language conquest, the greatest Taino population locations possess contains to 3,000 anyone or maybe more.
This new Tainos was basically historical locals and you can opposition of the brutal Carib people, a different group which have sources during the South usa just who existed principally inside the fresh new Smaller Antilles
To have most of this new 15th century, this new Taino group was being inspired into Northeast regarding the Caribbean (of what is today South america) on account of raids by strong Caribs (Of many Carib women spoke Taino from the multitude of women Taino captives included in this).
The original filed smallpox break out in Hispaniola took place 1507. It is debated that there is actually reasonable mestizaje together with multiple Indian pueblos that survived to your 19th century in the Cuba. The newest Spaniards which first found its way to the latest Bahamas, Cuba and you will Hispaniola from inside the 1492, and later within the Puerto Rico, failed to offer feminine. It grabbed Taino female due to their wives, which triggered mestizo students.
Conditions The word «Taino» will come straight from Columbus. The brand new indigenous someone the guy came across inside the basic trip called by themselves «Taino», meaning «good» or «noble», to differentiate on their own of Area-Caribs. That it term placed on all the Isle Tainos plus those in the new Smaller Antilles. In your area, new Tainos regarded on their own by the name of their venue. Particularly, those who work in Puerto Rico called by themselves Boricua (which means people from the fresh isle women singaporean of your own valiant commendable lords) its area are entitled Borike’n (High home of valiant good lord) and those occupying new Bahamas titled on their own Lucayo (quick isles).
Some ethnohistorians, such Daniel Garrison Brinton, known as exact same society of people «Isle Arawak» throughout the Arawakan phrase having cassava flour, a staple of the battle. Out of this, the text together with people were sooner or later titled «Arawak». Yet not, modern scholars consider this to be a blunder. Individuals which named themselves Arawak lived just from the Guianas and you may Trinidad as well as their code and you will society range from the ones from the fresh Taino.
From the eighteenth century, Taino society ended up being devastated of the brought diseases eg smallpox, along with other issues including intermarriages and you will forced consumption for the the brand new plantation cost savings one to Spain enforced in Caribbean colonies, using its after that importation out of African slave specialists
Going right on through date, more editors, traveler, historians, linguists, anthropologists, an such like., has interchangeably made use of these types of terminology. Taino has been used in order to indicate the greater amount of Antillean people merely, men and women in addition to Bahamas people, the individuals in addition to Leeward Isles people otherwise every one of these excluding the Puerto Rican people and you can Leeward tribes. Island Taino has been used to mention to people residing in brand new Windward Countries simply, those who work in new north Caribbean just or the individuals surviving in people of one’s islands. Modern historians, linguists and anthropologists now hold the title Taino will be refer to any or all Taino/Arawak tribes with the exception of the brand new Caribs. Brand new Caribs are not viewed by the anthropologists nor historians as actually a similar somebody whether or not linguists will always be debating whether or not the Carib vocabulary is an Arawakan dialect otherwise creole code – or at least a distinct vocabulary, having a keen Arawakan pidgin commonly utilized in communications.